The state of Oaxaca is divided into 12 regions: Cañada, Mazateca, Mixteca Baja, Mixteca Alta, Chinantla, Sierra Zapoteca, Región Mixe, Valle de Oaxaca, Mixteca de la Costa, Sierra del Sur, Istmo and Chimalapas. The capital is the city of Oaxaca de Juárez. The state has 570 municipalities (a great number compared to the 122 in Chiapas). Of the 570 municipalities, 418 elect their authorities through a traditional system of assemblies. Oaxaca is one of the states with the lowest population density, with 41 people/ km2, while Chiapas has 65 people/ km².

Source: INEGI 2011

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